Class Facts
The 16 members of the Class of 1891 were the first graduates of the new North Side High School.
| Class Size: | 16 |
| Principal: | John Greer 1888-1890, Waldo W. Hobbs 1891. |
| Class facts: | Started the Alumni, celebrated their 50th reunion in 1941. |
| Graduation: | June 10, 1891; Assembly Hall |
| Sports facts: | None |
| School facts: | Started education in the first high school building constructed outside of downtown. |
| Class motto: | “Fideli Certa Merces” |
Class of 1892
| Class size: | 34 |
| Class president: | No officers listed |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 15, 1982; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: |
Class of 1893
| Class size: | 41 |
| Class president: | No officers listed |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 14, 1893; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Discovery is Good, Development is Better” |
Class of 1894
| Class size: | 27 |
| Class president: | No president listed. |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | None |
| Sports: | Nothing organized, things were just beginning to grow in popularity. |
| Graduation: | June 6, 1894; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | Courses were Latin, Literary, Manual and English. |
| Class motto: | “Honors Wait at Lobor’s Gate” |
Class of 1895
| Class size: | 37 |
| Class president: | None |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | None |
| Sports: | Sports did not officially start until 1896 |
| Graduation: | June 5, 1895; Assembly Hall |
| Class Play: | Pickwick Papers |
| Class facts: | Last class to graduate from the 1st North High. |
| Class motto: | Through Difficulties To Success” |
Class of 1896
| Class size: | 30 |
| Class president: | None |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | None |
| Graduation: | June 2, 1896; Assembly Hall |
| Sports: | Football started when Henry Kost, Class of `96 set up a game against the Class of `97. Ed Jones entered bicycle races and established a record which was still standing in 1910. |
| Class Options: | Courses: Classical, Latin, Literary, English and Manual |
| Class Facts: | First class to graduate from the 2nd North High |
| Class motto: | “He Conquers Who Endures” |
Class of 1897
| Class size: | 54 |
| Class president: | Hugh Tunsted |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | Football had not started yet. |
| Sports: | Football was being organized. |
| Graduation: | June 10, 1897; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Not Words, But Deeds” |
Class of 1898
| Class size: | 44 |
| Class president: | None |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | None |
| Sports: | Football and Track |
| Graduation: | June 10, 1898; Held in the Exposition building combined with East, South and Central High Schools |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1899
| Class size: | 23 |
| Class president: | unknown |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports facts: | The first high school game was the following: First football game was against Camden Place, North High won. North lost to East Side by a score of 6 to 0. Third game was against Anoka, North won 30 to 4. |
| Graduation: | June 8, 1899; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | Nunquam Non Paratus” |
Classes of 1900
| Class size: | January: 24 June: 30 |
| Class president: | January: Marshall Albee Nye June: William Charles Adams |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports facts: | |
| Graduation: | January 19, 1900; Assembly Hall June 7, 1900; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Do it Will That Thou Mayst Do it Twice” June: “Attempt Not, Or Accomplish Thoroughly” |
Class of 1901
| Class size: | January: 16 June: 28 |
| Class president: | January: unknown June: Alfred Frank Ham |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports facts: | |
| Graduation: | January 17, 1901; Assembly Hall June 6, 1901; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Quality not Quantity” June: “Know Thy Opportunity” |
Classes of 1902
| Class size: | January: 16 June: 41 |
| Class president: | January: unknown June: Loring D. Burwell |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports facts: | |
| Graduation: | January 16, 1902; Assembly Hall June 12, 1902; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: unknown June: “Possamus Quia Posse Videmur” |
Classes of 1903
| Class size: | January: 16 June: 34 |
| Class president: | January: unknown June: unknown |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports facts: | |
| Graduation: | January 23, 1903; Location unknown June 10, 1903; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | No class officers were listed in the commencement programs |
| Class motto | January: unknown June: “We Launch Today, Where Should we Anchor” |
Classes of 1904
| Class size: | January: 39 June: 55 |
| Class president: | January: unknown June: unknown |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports facts: | |
| Graduation: | January 21, 1904; Assembly Hall June 9, 1904; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Watch Wheel” June: “unknown” |
Classes of 1905
| Class size: | January: 21 June: 50 |
| Class president: | January: unknown June: unknown |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports facts: | |
| Graduation: | January 18, 1905; Assembly Hall June 8, 1905; Assembly Hall |
| Class motto: | January: “Esse Quam Riden” June: “As the Work, So the Reward” |
| Class facts: | The Class of 1905 donated this Grandfather clock to North as their Class gift. |
Classes of 1906
| Class size: | January: 39 June: 68 |
| Class president: | January: unknown June: unknown |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports facts: | |
| Graduation: | January 18, 1906; Assembly Hall June 6, 1906; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | No class officers were listed in the commencement programs |
| Class motto: | January: “Superando Omnis Fortuna Ferendo Est” June: “Labor Omnia Vincit Improbus” |
Classes of 1907
| Class size: | January: 41 June: 68 |
| Class president: | January: unknown June: unknown |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | Won the National championship in football |
| Graduation: | January 17, 1907; Assembly Hall June 6, 1907; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Through Difficulties to Success” June: “The Most Difficult Yields to Labor” |
Classes of 1908
| Class size: | January: 44 June: 75 |
| Class president: | January: William Arthur Patterson June: Foster Helm Kreis |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | January 16, 1908; Assembly Hall June 4, 1908; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Factis Non Verbis” June: “unknown” |
Class of 1909
| Class size: | January: 48 June: 63 |
| Class president: | January: Frederick August Maurer June: Levi M. Hall |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | January 21, 1909; Assembly Hall June 9, 1909; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “unknown” June: “Volens et Potens” |
Classes of 1910
| Class size: | January: 50 June: 72 |
| Class president: | January: Hans E. Braasch June: Roy H. Wanig |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | Had not started yet |
| Sports: | Football, Baseball, Track and Hockey |
| Graduation: | January 20, 1910; Assembly Hall June 18, 1910; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | The Class of 1910 produced the first yearbook. |
| Class motto: | January: “Culture Means Character” June: “Through Difficulties to the Stars” |
Classes of 1911
| Class size: | January: 48 June: 93 |
| Class president: | January: Robert Lincoln Durham June: Wallace Earl |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | Not started yet. |
| Sports: | Football: Twin City Champions |
| Graduation: | January 26, 1911; Assembly Hall June 7, 1911; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | Russel Gaylord, KIA WWI |
| Class yell: | Walla-Wee, Walla Weigh, June Eleven, North Side High. |
| Class motto: | January: “A Posse Ad Esse” June: “Progrede, Non Retrogrede” |
Classes of 1912
| Class size: | January: 46 June: 91 |
| Class president: | January: unknown June: Samuel Gale |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | Football, Track, Basketball (just forming) Hockey and Baseball |
| Graduation: | January 25, 1912; Assembly Hall June 13, 1912; Assembly Hall |
| Class facts: | |
| Class yell: | Hula Bula, Zing Zula, Zinga Zula Zah. June `12, North High, Rah, Rah, Rah! |
| Class motto | January: “RES non DICTA” June: “Arbeit Besiegt Alles” |
Classes of 1913
| Class size: | January: 65 June: 79 |
| Class president: | January: Leo Moses Hirschfield June: Chester Ferdinand Larson |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | The last class to graduate from the 2nd North High. |
| Class facts: | Spent their senior year attending the old Central High School, downtown |
| Class yell: | Boom a zipah, Boom a zipah, Boom a zipah, Bah, June Class `13, Rah, Rah, Rah. |
| Class motto: | January: “With Increased Honor Comes Increased Responsibility” June: “Build For Character, Not For Fame” |
Classes of 1914
| Class size: | January: 65 June: 80 |
| Class president: | January: Harold Neil Rogers June: Karl Ernest Loth |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | Tennis first mentioned |
| Graduation: | January 23, 1914; Auditorium June 11, 1914; Auditorium |
| Class facts: | The first class to graduate from the new 3rd North after North High burned on June 18, 1913. |
| Class motto: | January: “unknown” June: “Basis Constantia Felicitatis” |
Class of 1915
| Class size: | January: 81 June: 117 |
| Class President: | January: Edward Leslie Antlez June: Walter George Haertel |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Graduation: | January 21, 1915; Auditorium June 10, 1915; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Rose and White June: Cream and Stem Green |
| Class motto: | January: “A Posse ad Esse“ June: “After Labor is Reward” |
| Class yell: | January: Zippa Wall Zinga Walla, Hula Zippa Zi January 15 North Side High June: Boom clackety ack clack Boom clackety ack clack Zio zip alay Hippity ippity ip ki yi June class `15 North Side High Hip hip Hooray! |
Classes of 1916
| Class size | January: 86 June: 126 |
| Class president: | January: William Lovejoy Mason June: Donald J. Rogers |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | January 16, 1916; Auditorium June 16, 1916; Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “The Elevator to Succeed is not Running – Take the Stairs” June: “Fideli certa merces” |
Classes of 1917
| Class size | January: 111 June: 146 |
| Class president: | January: Clifford V. Pool June: Gustav A. Eckberg |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | January 25, 1917; Auditorium June 14, 1917: Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Blue and Gold June: Red, White and Blue |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Remis Incumbendo non Flintando” June: “Per Angusta ad Angusta” |
Classes of 1918
| Class size | January: 116 June: 171 |
| Class president: | January: Julius Segal June: Paul C. Hartig |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | January 24, 1918; Auditorium June 13, 1918; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Purple and Gold June: Khaki and Navy Blue |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Non Finis Sed Meta” June: “Service, not Reward” |
Classes of 1919
| Class size | January: 122 June: 190 December: 115 |
| Class president: | January: Ernest Lewis Friend June: Harry W. Abramson |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | City champions |
| Graduation: | January 3, 1919; Auditorium June 19, 1919; Auditorium December 12, 1919; Auditorium |
| Class colors | January: Blue and Gray June: Purple and Khaki December: Old Rose and Black |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “An Ideal, a Struggle, then Victory” June: “The Door to Success is Labeled Push” December: “To Strive to Seek, to Find and not to Yield” |
Classes of 1920
| Class size: | March: 20 June: 178 December: 115 |
| Class president: | March: Raleigh Bedard June: Fritz O. Lund December: Donald A. Roberts |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | March: unknown June 17, 1920; Auditorium December 9, 1920; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | March: Gold and Peacock Blue June: Purple and Peach December: Peach and Blue |
| Class facts: | The December graduation was instead of the January graduations as in later years. |
| Class motto: | March: “March, Marches Forward June: “B2” December: “Build for Character, not Fame” |
Classes of 1921
| Class size: | December: 120 March: 29 June: 199 |
| Class president: | December: William Ellery White March: Milton Jobes June: Eldon W. Mason |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 16, 1921; Auditorium |
| Class colors | March: Old Rose and Gray June: Steel Grey and Ivy Green |
| Class yells: | Ki Yi, Ki Yi, Rip, Skiddy Eye Yi, Walla Walla Boola, Tikka Takka Toola, Rippa Rappa, Zippa Zappa, December 20, North Side High Ranga Banga Bula, Rapa Tapa Tula, Hula Bula, Walka Zula, Hula Bula Zi, March `21, North Side High Yacki Sacki, Rippa Rappy, Rickety Wallacky, Zi, June Class `21, North Side High |
| Class facts: | June 1921 was the first graduating class over 200 |
| Class motto | March: “Labor with Constancy” June: “Per Aspera ad Astra” |
Classes of 1922
| Class Size: | December: 133 March and June: 233 |
| Class President: | December: Edgar W. Nyholm March: Stephen Pawlcyn June: Luverne Seagren |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Class Colors | December: Henna and Gray March: Cerise and Sliver June: Purple and Gray |
| Graduation | December 8, 1921; Auditorium June 15, 1922; Auditorium |
| Class memory: | |
| Class motto: | December: “Esse Quam Viden” March: “Ne Tempta aut Perfice” June: “I will find a way or make one” |
Classes of 1923
| Class size: | December: 146 March and June: 280 |
| Class president: | December: William Reitzke March: Wallace R. Gorder June: Edgar William Biyer |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Class colors: | December: Cardinal and Green March: Orange and Purple June: Pink and Nile Green |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | December 7, 1922; Auditorium June 14, 1923; Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | December: “Climb, though the way be rugged” March: “Push Forward” June: “Character is the only true diploma” |
Classes of 1924
| Class size: | January: 161 June: 305 |
| Class president: | January: Raymond Haertel June: John S. Acker |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Class colors | January: Blue and Peach June: Gold and Blue |
| Graduation: | January 24, 1924; Auditorium June 12, 1924; Auditorium |
| Class facts: | June 1924 was the first graduating class over 300. |
| Class motto: | January: “Build for character, not for fame” June: “Seek Knowledge with Modesty thy Guild” – Pope |
Classes of 1925
| Class size: | January: 186 June: 349 |
| Class president: | January: Dudley Ericson June: Melvin Frank |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | Basketball Champions |
| Class Colors: | January: Violet and White June: Wisteria & American Beauty |
| Yell: | January: RICKER RACKER FIRECRACKER ZIP-BOOM-KI; January -25 NORTH-SIDE-HIGH!! June: ROBIN HOOD WILLIAM TELL STOP, LOOK, LISTEN–WHILE WE YELL WE TAKE THE CAKE, WHY MAN ALIVE WE RE THE JUNE CLASS,25 |
| Class facts: | Hall of Busts, 1925 |
| Class motto: | January: “The Best is None too Good” June: “True Service is the Price of Freedom” |
Classes of 1926
| Class size: | January: 271 June: 345 |
| Class president: | January: Stewart O’Shea June: Donald S. Burris |
| Class Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Class colors: | January: Silver and Blue June: Violet and Apricot |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | January 28, 1926; Auditorium June 17, 1926; Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Character is the Corner Stone on Which We Build” June: “In medias res progedere” |
Classes of 1927
| Class size: | January: 197 June: 391 |
| Class president: | January: Wallace J. Kraft June: Milton F. Bach |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Class colors: | January: Cardinal and Silver June: Heliotrope and Amber |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | January 27, 1927; Auditorium June 16, 1927; Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Ought Means Must” June: “To every man there openeth A high way and a low, And every man decideth the way his soul shall go” |
Classes of 1928
| Class size: | January: 246 June: 356 |
| Class president: | January: Neal R. Cullen June: Elmer Lindfors |
| Class Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Class colors: | January: Green and Gold June: Apple Green and Ashes of Roses |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | January 26, 1928; Auditorium June 13, 1928; Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Go Forward, Not Backward; Lend a Helping Hand” June: “Forward, While the Eternal Ages Watch and Wait” |
Classes of 1929
| Class sizes: | January: 243 June: 319 |
| Class presidents: | unknown |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Class colors: | January: Orchid and Green June: Blue and White |
| Graduations: | January 24, 1929; Auditorium June 13, 1929; Auditorium |
| Sports: | |
| Class fact: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Honor Lies in Honest Toil” June: “True Blue” |
Classes of 1930
| Class sizes: | January: 273 June: 409 |
| Class presidents: | |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Class colors: | January: Midnight Blue & Gold June: Blue and White |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | January 23, 1930; Auditorium June 12, 1930; Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Esse Quam Viden” June: “Live and Help Others to Live” |
Classes of 1931
| Class size: | January: 283 June: 405 |
| Class president: | |
| Principal | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Class Colors | January: Blue and White June: Blue and White |
| Graduation: | January 22, 1931; Auditorium June 11, 1932; Auditorium |
| Sports: | Golf Champions |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Nothing is Impossible to a Willing Heart” June: “In Ourselves Our Future Lies” |
Classes of 1932
| Class size: | January: 315 June: 433 |
| Class president: | January: Orville Alfreth June: Harold Bostad |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January 28, 1932; Auditorium June 16, 1932; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Blue and White June: Blue and White |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto | January: ‘To Be Rather Then to Seem” June: “To Strive to Seek, to Find, and Not to Yield” |
Classes of 1933
| Class size: | January: 281 June: 482 |
| Class president: | |
| Principal: | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | February 2, 1933; Auditorium June 15, 1933; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Blue and White June: Blue and White |
| Sports: | Basketball, First team to make State tournament, lost 16-13 to Red Wing. |
| Class facts: | The June Class donated this trophy case to North as their Class gift. In the case are the trophies won by the Lady Polars. |
| Class motto: | January: “Forward – Armed with Knowledge” June: “Thy Conquer Who Believe They Can” |
Classes of 1934
| Class Size: | February: 423 June: 438 |
| Class President: | February: Arnold Mandel June: David M. Conover |
| Principal | Waldo W. Hobbs |
| Homecoming: | |
| Class colors: | February: Blue and White June: Blue and White |
| Graduation: | February 1, 1934; Auditorium June 4, 1934: Auditorium |
| Sports: | |
| Class Facts: | After their 70th reunion in August 2004, the class agreed to stop having get togethers due to their age and decided to close their books and donate the remaining finances to the Alumni Association for scholarships. |
| Class motto: | February: “Success is to do the Common Thing Uncommonly Well” June: “Know Thyself to Improve Thyself” |
Classes of 1935
| Class size: | January: 315 June: 564 |
| Class president | January: George Faust June: Russel D. Christensen |
| Principal: | Albert M. Banks (class of 1902) |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January 24, 1935; Auditorium June 6, 1935; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Blue and White June: Blue and White |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | The June 35 Class was the first North class to have over 500 graduates. |
| Class motto: | January: “The Greater the Conquered Odds, the Greater the Victory” June: “We Will Find a Path or Make One” |
Classes of 1936
| Class size: | January: 355 June: 529 |
| Class president | |
| Principal: | Albert M. Banks (class of 1902) |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January 23, 1936; Auditorium June 4, 1936; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Blue and White June: Blue and White |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts | |
| Class motto: | January:“Building For Tomorrow” June: “Upward Still and Onward” |
Classes of 1937
| Class Size: | January: 323 June: 552 |
| Class president: | January: David Johnson June: Carl Benson |
| Principal: | Albert M. Banks (class of 1902) |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January 10, 1937; Auditorium June 10, 1937; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Blue and White June: Blue and White |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Through Difficulties to the Stars” June: “A Struggle Today, A Victory Tomorrow” |
Classes of 1938
| Class Size: | January: 369 June: 556 |
| Class President: | January: Kenneth Nelson June: |
| Principal: | Albert M. Banks (class of 1902) |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January 27, 1938; Auditorium June, 1938; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Blue and White June: Blue and White |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Forward to Victory” June: “unknown” |
Classes of 1939
| Class size: | January: 367 June: 532 |
| Class President: | January: June: Clifford D. Cherry |
| Principal: | Albert M. Banks (class of 1902) |
| Homecoming | |
| Graduation: | January 26, 1939; Auditorium June, 1939; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Blue and White June: Blue and White |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Do Not Make Promises – Make Good” June: “unknown” |
Classes of 1940
| Class size: | January: 365 June: 588 |
| Class presidents: | January: Rodney Rye June: Edward Proszek |
| Principal: | Albert M. Banks (class of 1902) |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January, 1940; Auditorium June, 1940; Armory |
| Sports: | Ski team took second at State meet |
| Class facts: | January Class Prom was held at the Curtis Hotel. |
| Band facts: | The band played before the King and Queen of the British Empire during their trip to Winnipeg. |
| Class motto: |
Classes of 1941
| Class size: | January: 315 June: 475 |
| Class president: | |
| Principal: | Albert M. Banks (class of 1902) Harry M. Maass |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January 22, 1942; Auditorium June 5, 1942; Auditorium |
| Class colors: | January: Blue and White June: Blue and White |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Either attempt it not, or Succeed” June: “We are rich only as we enrich the lives of others” |
Classes of 1942
| Class size: | January: 321 June: 394 |
| Class President: | |
| Principal: | Harry M. Maass |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | City Baseball champions |
| Graduation: | January 22, 1942; Auditorium June, 1942; Auditorium |
| Class facts: | Alwyn Johnson, Alumni Association President 1987-1988 |
Classes of 1943
| Class size: | January: 237 June: 371 |
| Class president: | January: Ted Johnson June: Lawrence Gruman |
| Principal: | Harry M. Maass |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January 28, 1943; Auditorium June, 1943; Auditorium |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | Joyce (Brose) Momont, Alumni Association Secretary. The Class has made several donations through the years and the latest was $300 for a 2005 scholarship award. |
| Class motto: | January: “Forward – Upward and Onward” |
Classes of 1944
| Class size: | January: 317 June: 240 |
| Class president: | |
| Principal: | Harry M. Maass |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January 28, 1944; Auditorium June, 1944; Auditorium |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Classes of 1945
| Class size: | January: 198 June: 327 |
| Class president: | January: June: |
| Principal: | Harry M. Maass |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January 25, 1945; Auditorium June 14, 1945; Auditorium |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Knowledge comes but Wisdom Lingeers.” June: “The Keys of Learning Unlock the Door to the Future.” |
Classes of 1946
| Class Size: | January: 177 June: 382 |
| Class President: | |
| Principal: | Harry M. Maass Albert M. Bank |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January, 1946; Auditorium June, 1946; Auditorium |
| Sports: | |
| Alumni facts: | Lester Fritsche, Alumni Association Treasurer |
Classes of 1947
| Class size: | January: 270 June: 371 |
| Class President: | |
| Principal: | Albert M. Banks |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January 30, 1947; Auditorium June, 1947; Auditorium |
| Sports: | |
| Class Facts: | |
| Class motto: | January: “Build for character, not for fame”. June: “From the school of life into the life of school.” |
Classes of 1948
| Class size: | January: 291 June: 447 |
| Class president: | Albert M. Bank |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January, 1948; Auditorium June, 1948; Auditorium |
| Sports: | |
| Alumni Facts: | Visit the Reunion Photos page to see the class at their 55th reunion. |
| Class motto: | January: “To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.” June: “He conquers who conquers himself.” |
Classes of 1949
| Class size: | January: 62 June: 492 |
| Class President: | January: June: John Dryer |
| Principal: | Albert M. Bank |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | January, 1949; Auditorium June, 1949; Auditorium |
| Sports: | |
| Class Facts: | Last class to have two graduations |
| Class motto: | January: “Hitch you wagon to a star, keep your seat and there you are”. June: “Service is the price we pay for our space on earth!” |
Class of 1950
| Class size: | 515 |
| Class president: | Fred McCormick |
| Principal: | Albert M. Bank |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | |
| Class facts: | Class of 1950 was the start of one graduation per year. |
| Class motto | “Our todays are the blocks with which we build the foundations of tomorrow.” |
Class of 1951
| Class size: | 442 |
| Class President: | Robert L. Burnett |
| Principal: | Albert M. Bank |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | |
| Sports: | |
| Class Facts: | |
| Class motto: | “From the Life of School unto the School of Life”. |
Class of 1952
| Class size: | 424 |
| Class president: | James Breeden |
| Principal: | Albert M. Bank Harry M. Maass |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “The direction in which education starts a man will determine his future”. |
Class of 1953
| Class size: | 432 |
| Class president: | W. Dean Moran |
| Principal: | Harry M. Maass |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Let us stand and fall by our own work”. |
Class of 1954
| Class size: | 403 |
| Class president: | Allen Blumenthal |
| Principal: | Harry M. Maass |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Thought is the seed of actions”. |
Class of 1955
| Class size: | 490 |
| Class president: | Thomas Morehouse |
| Principal: | Harry M. Maass |
| Homecoming: | Tied West Cowboys 13-13 |
| Graduation: | Hobbs Football Field |
| Sports: | Gymnastics: STATE CHAMPIONS Ski Jumping: Jim Brandt, City Champion. See Sports History for photos. |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Remember that you stand or fall by our own works” |
Class of 1956
| Class size: | 528 |
| Class president: | Thomas Hedin |
| Principal: | Harry M. Maass Chester M. Johnson |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Hobbs Football Field |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “We build for tomorrow but Tomorrow begins today” |
Class of 1957
| Class size: | 503 |
| Class president: | Vern Beckman |
| Principal: | Chester M. Johnson |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Judy “Miki” Swenson Versus Edison (lost) “GIVE EDISON THEIR MEDICINE” |
| Sports: | Cross Country: undefeated in dual meets. Swimming: City Champions. Diving: John Konkel, State Champion. Cross Country Skiing: Carl Bohlin, State Champion. Wrestling: City Champions Gymnastics: City and Regional Champions See Sports History for photos. |
| Graduation: | Hobbs Football field |
| Class Song: | “We’ll Be Together Again” |
| Class facts: | The Class of 1957 dedicated their POLARIS Yearbook to retiring faculty member Tom Kennedy 1919-1957 |
| Class motto: | “Goals Aimed at Infinity” |
Class of 1958
| Class size:: | 493 |
| Class president: | Gerald Leinfelder |
| Principal: | Chester M. Johnson |
| Homecoming: | October 18, 1957 |
| Sports facts: | |
| Graduation: | June 11, 1958; Hobbs Football Field |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “We build the Ladder by Which We Rise” |
Class of 1959
| Class size: | 509 |
| Class president: | Wayne Dvorak |
| Principal: | Chester M. Johnson |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Hobbs Football Field |
| Sports: | |
| Class Motto: | “The future belongs to those who prepare for it.” |
| Class advisor: | Lawrence C. Hansen |
| Class Facts: | The senior banquet was held at Dayton’s Skyroom on April 16, 1959 |
| Alumni Facts: | During the 20th reunion, Elissa Heilicher was elected the new class president. |
Class of 1960
| Class size: | 513 |
| Class president: | Wayne Haskell |
| Principal: | Chester M. Johnson |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Karen Anderson Football Team defeated Vocational 21-0 |
| Sports: | Gymnastics team wins State!! Ski team wins State!! Clyde Brodt, State Jumping Champion See Sports History for photos. |
| Graduation: | Hobbs Football Field |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “All the hopes for a better tomorrow can be realized throughperseverance in the frustrating world of today” |
Class of 1961
| Class size: | |
| Class president | |
| Principal: | Chester M. Johnson |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1962
| Class Size: | 442 |
| President: | William P. Ingison |
| Principal: | Chester M. Johnson |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Hobbs Field |
| Class motto: | “Life will give you no more than you give it” |
Class of 1963
| Class size: | 448 |
| Class president: | Brian Grivna |
| Principal: | Chester M. Johnson |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Ad astra per aspera” (To the stars through difficulty or adversity) |
Class of 1964
| Class size: | 519 |
| Class president: | Tony Wagner |
| Principal: | Chester M. Johnson |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Marie Hagen October 18, 1963 defeated Vocational 7-6. |
| Graduation: | |
| Sports: | X-Country Skier Wade Britzius won State and Central United State Championships. See Sports History for photos. |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Vestigia Nulla Restrorsum” (No steps backward) |
Class of 1965
| Class size: | 546 |
| Class president: | |
| Principal: | Chester M. Johnson |
| Graduation: | |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Joni Engleson North won over South 27-0 |
| Sports: | Track team places second at State. 880 Relay team sets new State record. Ed Wade, Frank Holley, Jerrell Guy and Daryl Lynn |
| Class motto: | “If you will it – it is no dream“ |
Class of 1966
| Class size: | 567 |
| Class President: | Terry Tomkins |
| Principal: | Chester M. Johnson |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Colleen Chell North victory over Vocational Volts 13-6 |
| Sno-King: | Tom Sullivan |
| Sports: | Skiers win City, district and place 7th at State. Gymnastics placed second at Region Five. |
| Graduation: | Hobbs Footbal Field |
| Classs facts: | |
| Class motto: | “All of the flowers of all the tomorrows are in the seeds of today” |
Class of 1967
| Class size: | 566 |
| Class President: | Douglas D. Perry |
| Principal: | Chester Johnson |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Jeannie Stabelow |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 13, 1967 Hobbs Football Field |
| Class facts: | |
| Class Motto: | “Forward with Faith in Others“ |
Class of 1968
| Class size: | |
| Class president: | Ron Nelson |
| Principals: | Chester Johnson Roland Delap |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 16, 1968 Hobbs Football Field |
| Class fact: | |
| Class motto: | “All the hopes for a better tomorrow can be realized through perseverance in the frustrating world of today” |
Class of 1969
| Class size: | 569 |
| Class president: | |
| Principal: | Roland R. Delapp |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Hobbs Football Field |
| Sports facts: | |
| Alumni facts: | Ed Enstrom, Alumni Association President. |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1970
| Class size: | 469 |
| Class President: | |
| Principal: | Roland R. Delapp |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Now in tomorrow yet with hope for today tho’ Seventy in time” |
Class of 1971
| Class size : | 408 |
| Class President: | Charles Everson |
| Principal: | Roland DeLapp |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation : | Hobbs Football Field |
| Class advisor: | |
| Class fact: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1972
| Class size: | 275 |
| Class president: | Tom Brophy |
| Principal: | Roland R. Delapp |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Hobbs Football Field |
| Class facts: | Painted the wooden bleachers blue and white the summer before their senior year. |
| Sports facts: | Boys basketball won regions. Andy Desmond won district ski jumping. |
| Class advisor: | Richard Kramer |
| Class motto: | |
| Alumni fact: | Dewane Pagel, Alumni Association President, 1991-2008; Billie Bolden, Alumni Association President 2008 |
Class of 1973
| Class size: | 278 |
| Class President: | Valerie J. Sawyer |
| Principal: | Mr. Roffers |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | |
| Class facts: | Last Class to graduate from the 3rd North High. |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1974
| Class size: | |
| Class President: | |
| Principal: | Mr. Roffers |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | First class to graduate from the 4th North High. |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1975
| Class size: | 338 |
| Class President: | Kyle S. Ray |
| Principal: | Dr. Richard Green (Class of 1942) |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Sports: | |
| Class fact: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1976
| Class size: | 264 |
| Class President: | Douglas Brophy |
| Principal: | Dr. Richard Green (Class of 1942) |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Drum Majors: | Doug Brophy and Gwendolyn Clark |
| Class fact: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1977
| Class Size: | 303 |
| Class President: | Charlotte McGregor |
| Principal: | Dr. Larry Zimmerman |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Sports: | |
| Class fact: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1978
| Class size: | 307 |
| Class president: | Roosevelt Pargo |
| Principal: | Dr. Larry Zimmerman |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Renee Cichoski |
| Graduation | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1979
| Class size: | |
| Class President: | |
| Principal: | Fred J. Sheridan |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class gift: | |
| Class Motto: |
Class of 1980
| Class size: | |
| Class President: | Wenetta Westbrook |
| Principal: | Fred J. Sheridan |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Jenny Stewart |
| Sports: | Boys State Basketball Champions Track team: Region five champions |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | Prom: May 4, 1979 |
Class of 1981
| Class size: | 298 |
| Class President: | Adam L. Randall |
| Principal: | Jerome B. Simondet |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Cynthia Brown King: Adam Mosley |
| Sports facts: | |
| Sno-Daze: | Queen: Felicia Franklin King: Ronnie Salone |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | 2001 Shaquanna Terry, essay winner |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1982
| Class size: | |
| Class president: | |
| Principal: | Jerome B. Simondet |
| Homecoming | |
| Sports facts: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: |
Class of 1983
| Class size: | 213 |
| Class President: | Mark Eubanks |
| Principal: | Robert H. Lynch |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 2, 1983 Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class Facts: |
Class of 1984
| Class size: | 194 |
| Class President: | Trent E. Bowman |
| Principal: | Robert H. Lynch |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | May 31, 1984 Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1985
| Class size: | 240 |
| Class President: | |
| Principal: | Robert H. Lynch |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1986
| Class size: | 255 |
| Class President: | |
| Principal: | Robert H. Lynch |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class gift: | |
| Class motto: | “For yesterday is but a reflection, and tomorrow a vision” |
Class of 1987
| Class size: | |
| Class president: | Marcellina Shannon |
| Principal: | Willarene Beasley |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports facts: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1988
| Class size: | 198 |
| Class President: | Geri Williams |
| Principal: | Willarene Beasley |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | June 8, 1988 Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Alumni facts: | Peter Macon is an actor at the Guthrie Theater (2005) |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1989
| Class size: | |
| Class president | |
| Principal: | Willarene Beasley |
| Homecoming: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Sports: | |
| Class facts: | Class of 1989 website |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1990
| Class size: | 228 |
| Class President: | Glenn Ford |
| Principal: | Willarene Beasley |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | Boys basketball: won Regions and runner up at State Class AA |
| Graduation: | Hobbs Field |
| Class gift: | Notification billboard outside the school donated with the Class of 1991. |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1991
| Class size: | 197 |
| Class president: | Lanise Belvin |
| Principal: | Harlan Anderson |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | The 100th Graduation of North High |
| Class facts: | Donated notification sign with the Class of 1990. |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1992
| Class size: | 219 |
| Class president: | Gloria Shannon |
| Principal: | Harlan Anderson |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 10, 1992 Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1993
| Class size: | 181 |
| Class president: | Kara Holmes |
| Principal: | Harlan Anderson |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1994
| Class Size: | 180 |
| President: | Gary Courtney |
| Homecoming: | |
| Principal: | Harland Anderson |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 12, 1994 Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Prom: | Theme: “A Ribbon in The Sky” |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1995
| Class size: | 227 |
| Class president: | DeAnna Smith |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Principal: | Birch Jones |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | Boy’s Basketball: State Champions |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1996
| Class size: | 200 |
| Class president: | Japhus Dent III |
| Principal: | Birch Jones |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Deanna Smith, Football Team Defeated Roosevelt 24-6 |
| Sports: | Boys Basketball: City Champions, Region 5AA Champions Sweet 16 State Champions |
| Graduation: | June 6, 1996 Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1997
| Class size: | 219 |
| Class president: | Johanna Sundholm |
| Principal: | Birch Jones |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Eleana Johnson King: Kenny Caldwell |
| Sno Daze | |
| Sports: | Boys Basketball: State Champions. Girls Basketball: State Tournament Second place. |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1998
| Class size: | 204 |
| Class president: | Mitchell Williams |
| Principal: | Birch Jones |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Maia Atlas King: Mitchell Williams |
| Sports: | Lady Polars State Basketball Champions!! |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 1999
| Class size: | 160 |
| Class president: | |
| Principal: | Birch Jones |
| Homecoming: | Defeated Southwest 57-6 King & Queen: Christopher Rogers and Veronica Harris |
| Sports: | Basketball: Lady Polars are STATE CHAMPIONS!! |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Let’s party because it’s 1999” |
Class of 2000
| Class size: | 138 |
| Class president: | |
| Principal: | Birch Jones |
| Homecoming: | Queen: Tisa Thomas King: Mohammad Ojarigi |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | Jacobi Gymnasium |
| Class facts: | North had only one hockey Player; Shawn Peterson, who played for the EHN team (Edison, Henry & North) |
| Class motto: | “We’ve Only Just Begun” |
Class of 2001
| Class size: | 314 |
| Class president: | Lakisha Ross |
| Principal: | Ron Simmons |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | Minneapolis Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “It’s So Hard to Say Goodbye” |
Class of 2002
| Class size: | 335 |
| Class president: | |
| Principal: | Ron Simmons |
| Homecoming: | King & Queen: Greg Clark and Kandice Robinson |
| Sports: | Basketball Lady Polars finished second at State Tournament |
| Graduation: | Minneapolis Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “The Sky’s the Limit” |
Class of 2003
| Class size: | 301 |
| Class president: | |
| Principal: | Ron Simmons |
| Homecoming: | Queen & King: DeKevia Cole and Travis Koehn |
| Sports: | Football posted a season record of 9-2. Region % Champions. Basketball: Lady Polars are STATE CHAMPIONS. See Sports History for photos. Boys Basketball: State 4A Champions. James Davis, Justin Burgess, and Kamron Taylor named to All-State Tournament Team. Mike Henderson |
| Graduation: | June 8, 2003 Minneapolis Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “I Believe I Can Fly” |
Class of 2004
| Class size: | 304 |
| Class president: | Tyrai Bronson |
| Principal: | Ron Simmons |
| Homecoming: | Lost to the Roosevelt Teddies 13-12 Kings & Queen: Willie Shuford, Amanda Robinson and Jermaine Jennings |
| Sports: | Boys Basketball: Region Champions, State Participants Basketball: Lady Polars are STATE CHAMPIONS for second year in a row!! See Sports History for photos. |
| Graduation: | June 8, 2004 Minneapolis Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: |
Class of 2005
| Class size: | 265 |
| Class president: | Tasha Byers |
| Principal: | Michael Favor (Class of 1984) |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | Basketball: Lady Polars are STATE 3A CHAMPIONS for a THIRD year in a row!! They defeated Holy Angels 71-45. See Sports History for photos. |
| Graduation: | June 8, 2005 Minneapolis Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Only the Strong Survive in 2005” |
Class of 2006
| Class size: | 238 |
| Class president: | Ambreasha Frazier |
| Principal: | Michael Favor (Class of 1984) |
| Homecoming: | King: Derek Parker Queen: Keeyanna Wesley Lost 41-20 to Roosevelt |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 10, 2006 Minneapolis Auditorium |
| Class fact: | |
| Class motto: | “Proud to a Fault-Educated to a Degree in 2006″ |
Class of 2007
| Class size: | 221 |
| Class presidents: | Der Her and Arsenio Ward |
| Principal: | Michael Favor (Class of 1984) |
| Homecoming: | Lost 20-18 to South |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 7, 2007 Minneapolis Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “Pot of Gold” |
Class of 2008
| Class size: | |
| Class presidents: | Reo Patton |
| Principal: | Ellen Stewart (Class of 1985) |
| Homecoming: | Lost 50-0 to Wayzata |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 10, 2008 Minneapolis Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “A Picture is Worth 2008 Words” |
Class of 2009
| Class size: | 142 |
| Class presidents: | |
| Principal: | Ellen Stewart (Class of 1985) |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 4, 2009 Northrup Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “It Too 2009 Years to Get a Class this Great” |
Class of 2019
| Class size: | 105 |
| Class presidents: | |
| Principal: | Ellen Stewart (Class of 1985) |
| Homecoming: | |
| Sports: | |
| Graduation: | June 6, 2010 Northrup Auditorium |
| Class facts: | |
| Class motto: | “What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny matters compared to what lies within us” |